Communist Party of India (Marxist)

History

The Communist Party of India (Marxist), commonly known as CPI(M), was formed in 1964 following a major ideological and organisational split within the Communist Party of India. The CPI(M) was formally established at the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Calcutta from 31 October to 7 November 1964. The formation of CPI(M) emerged from disagreements within the communist movement concerning political strategy, ideology and the approach to India's political conditions. The party described its objective as applying Marxism-Leninism to Indian conditions and building a movement for what it describes as a people's democratic revolution. After its formation, CPI(M) developed strong political organisations in several states, particularly West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura. It became an important force in state politics and parliamentary elections. CPI(M) played a major role in West Bengal politics for more than three decades. The Left Front government led by CPI(M) governed the state from 1977 until 2011. In Kerala, CPI(M) became one of the principal forces of the Left Democratic Front and has participated in several state governments. In Tripura, CPI(M) also became a major political force and led state governments for several periods. At the national level, CPI(M) has contested Lok Sabha elections and has participated in broader Left and opposition alliances. It has also maintained representation in the Rajya Sabha at different periods. The party continues to participate in parliamentary, state and local elections and remains an important organisation within India's Left political movement. The Election Commission of India also maintains organisational-election records for CPI(M).